Impact-tool.



H. A. BARDEEN.

IMPACT TOOL;

APPLICATION FILED ocT.12, 1912.

1,132,068. Patented Mar. 16,1915.

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HUGH A. IBARDEEN, OF HOLLYWOOD, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR 0F ONE-FOURTH T0 HABLAN G. PALMER AND ONE-HALF TO JAY E. RANDALL, BOTH OF LOS ANGELES,

CALIFORNIA.

IMPACT-TOOL.

Speccation of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 16, 1915.,

Application filed. October 12, 1912. Serial No. 725,531.

T0 all 'whom z'z may concern:

Be it known that I, HUGH A.. BARDEEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Hollywood, in the county of Los Angeles and State 0f California, have invented a new and useful Impact-Tool, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an impact tool, and particularly to an impact tool wherein a fluid, preferably water, is used to operate the tool, and one of the main objects of my invention is to produce a tool of thecharacter described wherein the piston is eX- posed to a constant pressure.

Another object of my invention is to produce a tool of the character described of simple form in which the number of movable parts is reduced to a minimum.

Other objects and advantages will appearV hereinafter from the following specification.

Referring to the drawings, which are for illustrative purposes only: Figure 1 is a vertical, sectional view of a tool embodying a form of my invention. Fig.v2 1s a sectional plan view on line :v2-m2 Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional plan View on line fc3-w3 Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detail view partly in section of a portion of the piston and valve plate. Fig. 5 is a vertical side elevation of the tool.

1 designates the lower end of a hollow member forming a cylinder to which a constant supply of water under pressure is admitted, the lower end of the cylinder 1 being closed by means of a head 2, the upper threaded end of which engages the interiorly lower threaded end of the cylinder. Longitudinally movable in the head 2 1s a piston 3 provided with a circular flange 4, the upper face of which engages a shoulder 5 formed on a longitudinal bore 6 within the head. The portion of the piston 3 above the flange 4 is provided with two longitudinal ribs 7 which engage slots 8 formed in the bore 6 above the shoulder 5 therein, which portion of the bore 6 is of smaller diameter than the portion of the bore below the shoulder 5 and engages the piston, as clearly shown at 8 in Fig. 3. A portion of the bore 6 above the shoulder 5 is cut away, as illustrated at 9 in Fig. 3, for the purposes hereinafter described. The upper end of the head 2 is recessed, as indicated atV 10, and provided with a shoulder 11 upon which is seated a circular valve plate 14 which is rotatable within the head and retained in proper position upon the shoulder 11 by means of a ring 15 exteriorly threaded to engage the interiorly threaded upper end of the recessed portion 10 of the head 2.

The lower end of the bore 6 is interior-ly threaded and provided with a packing ring 20, packing 21 and a follower 22 about the piston 3. Coiled about the piston 3 within the bore 6 is a coil compression spring 24, the upper end of which engages the under face of the flange 4 on the piston and the lower end of which is seated on the upper face of the packing ring 20, in such a manner that the pressure of the spring tends to hold the piston in the position shown in Fig. 1. The head 2 is provided with four longitudinal exhaust ports or outlet openings 25 which extend from the upper to the lower end thereof. The upper end of each eX- haust port 25 is adapted to register with passages 26 in the valve plate 14 when said valve plate is in proper rotative position relative to said passages. Means are provided for rotating the valve plate 14 which consist of upper and lower cams 28 and 29 respectively on the piston 3 adapted to engage slots 30 which extend through the valve plate 14, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 4. The valve plate 14 is provided with a central opening 32 of sufcient diameter to permit the free movement of the ribs 7, on the piston, therethrough, thereby leaving a space between the plate 14 and the body of the piston through which pressure from the cylinder may pass, thence downwardly through the cut away portion 9 in the head to the upper side of the circular flange 4 on the piston. The bore 6 below the piston is provided with a relief opening 36 which provides an open communication from the bore 6 to one of the exhaust outlets 25.

The impact tool above described may be used for various operations, but in the form shown is particularly adapted to be used for drilling wells, in which case the cylinder 1 is formed by the ordinary drill pipe, and any desired form of drilling tool, indicated at 40, in Fig. 5, may be secured to the lower end of the piston 3, in which case the operation of the tool is as follows: Water under pressure is continuously admitted into the drill pipe or cylinder 1 through an inlet pipe 50, the valve member or plate being in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2,

in Which position the exhaust openings 25 are closed. The force exerted by the water on the upper end of the piston causes the same to move downwardly and thereby strike a blow with the bit 40, and as the piston arrives near the lower end of its stroke, the cam face 41 on the cam 28 enters the opening 30 in the valve plate 14, and the continued downward movement of the piston to strike the blow causes the valve plate to be rotated by the cam 28 into such a position that the passages 26 in the valve member or plate 14 register with the exhaust openings 25 in the head, thereby relieving the pressure on the cylinder, so that the piston 3 is returned to its original position by the spring 24 exerting an upward pressure against the flange 4 on the piston. As the piston 3 approaches the end of its upward stroke, the face 45 of the cam 29 engages the slot 30 in the valve member or plate 14 and rotates the valve plate in a reverse direction to its original position, thereby closing the exhaust openings 25. rlhe pressure Within the cylinder 1 on the upper end of the piston 3 again causes the piston to repeat the operation above described. The exhaust of the water from the lower end of the head through the exhaust openings 25 causes a bailing action to take place around the tool, thereby obviating the necessity of using a separate device for this purpose as is the case in the ordinary forms of well drilling.

It is understood that with the vertical reciprocating drilling movement of the tool it might be desirable to also rotate the drill pipe 1 and the tool carried thereon to facilitate the drilling operation.

While l have shown and described the tool as applied to a drilling tool for wells, it is understood that the same is adaptable to many uses with slight modiications, as to the manner of supporting the same and other minor details, without departing from the spirit of my invention.

W'hat I claim is 1. An impact tool comprising a casing, inlet means for admitting water pressure to said casing, a head for said casing having outlet ports therein, a piston extending into said casing and adapted to be displaced by the water, and valve means for closing and opening the ports in said casing head.

2. An impact tool comprising a casing, inlet means for admitting Water pressure to said casing, a head for said casing having an outlet port therein, a valve member for opening and closing said port, a piston extending into said casing and adapted to be displaced by the water, and means on said piston for operating said valve member.

3. An impact tool comprising a casing, inlet means for admitting water vpressure to said casing, a head for said casing having an outlet port therein, a valve member in said head, a piston extending into said casing and adapted to be displaced by the water pressure, a spring in said casing acting upon the piston in opposition to the water pressure and means actuated by said piston for causing said valve member to open and close said port.

4. An impact tool comprising a cylinder having an inlet, a head in said cylinder having anexhaust port therein, a valve member rotatably mounted in said head, a piston in said cylinder extending through said head, and means on said piston adapted to rotatably reciprocate said valve member to open and close said exhaust port.

5. An impact tool comprising a cylinder having an inlet, a head in said cylinder having an exhaust port therein, a valve member rotatably mounted in said head, a piston in said cylinder extending through said head, means on said piston adapted to rotatably reciprocate said valve member to open and close said exhaust port, and elastic means in said head adapted to move said piston inwardly in said cylinder when said exhaust port is open.

6. An impact tool comprising a cylinder having an inlet, a head in said cylinder having an exhaust port therein, a valve member rotatably mounted in said head having a slot therein, a piston in said cylinder extending through said head, and'cam means on said piston adapted to enter the slot in said valve member to rotatably operate said valve member to open and close said exhaust port.

7. An impact tool comprising a cylinder having an inlet, a head in said cylinder hav-- ing an exhaust port therein, a valve member rotatably mounted in said head, a piston in said cylinder extending through said head, means on said piston adapted to rotatably reciprocate said valve member to open and close said exhaust port, a shoulder in said head, a iiange on said piston adapted to engage said shoulder to limit the inward movement of said piston, and means for elastially holding said flange against said shoul- 8. An impact tool comprising a cylinder having an inlet, a head in said cylinder having a plurality of exhaust ports, a circular valve platerrotatably mounted in said head at the inner end thereotl provided With passages adapted to register With the exhaust ports in said head, a piston in said cylinder extending through said head, cam means on said piston for rotating said valve plate to open and close said exhaust ports, a shoulder in said head, a iange on said piston adapted to engage said shoulder to limit the.

inward movement of said piston, and Ya coil spring in said head adapted'to elastically holdV said flange against'said shoulder.

9. An impacttool comprising a pipe sup-1 ilse plied with Huid under pressure, a casing in open communication with said pipe said casing having ports therein, a valve member for opening and closing said ports, a piston projecting into said casing, and means whereby said piston can relieve itself of the fluid pressure by causing said valve to open the ports in said casing.

10. An impact tool comprising a pipe for Huid under pressure, a casing in open communication with said pipe and having ports therein, a valve member for opening and closing said ports, a piston projecting into said casing and forced outwardly from said casing by the iud pressure, a spring tending to force said piston into said casing, and means on said piston for causing said valve to close the ports in said casing and thus apply pressure to said piston, and means on said piston for causing said valve to open the ports and thus relieve the pressure on said piston and allow the spring to actuat-e said piston.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Los Angeles, California, this 3rd day of October, 1912.

HUGH A. BARDEEN.

In presence of- LOUIS W. GRATZ, ISABEL HALL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ive cents each, by addressing the "Commissioner of Patent,

Washington, D. C. 

